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I also like to have dreadnoughts surrounded by ablative 1 command minnows who take the first couple of missile salvoes while my big guys grind their way through the baddies. Then I modify my ships and retrofit my existing war fleets and go to town. My current doctrine when fighting a new enemy is to launch a couple of disposable cheap ships into their fleets so as to get an idea what type of weapons they tend to use, and then rapidly tech up through the relevant tree until I run out of one-turn advances. If it's not the right type though (shields for lasers etc) you might as well not bother. I've found that the appropriate defensive part can have a pretty large effect on my fleets' survivability. A couple times I have had to basically design a cheap "baneling" fleet that lives long enough to launch a ridiculously large salvo of missiles to eventually damage or kill the enemy fleet, where if even a single one of my ships lives through the battle it's a goddang Christmas miracle. Also, how does one make a ship that is not quite made of paper? Either the defensive parts don't do a whole lot, or maybe repair parts do a ton (since I didn't even know they were a thing), I am just bad at designing ships, or I need to spend significantly more time in the war tech tree.
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